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Messianic Prophecies In The Psalms
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Most people read the Psalms as a source of inspiration and comfort because the writers confront the whole range of emotions that we experience in our journey through life and with God.
Few see these words as prophecies.
Even as Jesus quoted so passionately from Psalm 22 and 69, we could still see Him quoting these as a source of comfort by claiming the promises of God, not necessarily as a prophecy about His experience.
But the Bible says that the musicians were prophets.
Moreover, David and the commanders of the army set apart for the service some of the sons of Asaph and of Heman and of Jeduthun, who were to prophesy with lyres, harps and cymbals ...
(1 Chronicles 25: 1)
As we look at the life of David and other patriarchs whose experience are a pattern of the life of the Messiah, we are left to ponder the issue of the meaning of their life.
While both possibilities occur, Jesus settles the question of the origin of the Psalms. They are prophecies about Him.
... all things written about Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.
(Luke 24: 44)
The Scope Of The Prophecies
Traditionally, the Messianic prophecies have been quoted as isolated text within a Psalm.
Scholars tended not to view the objectionable parts as Messianic.
It is our view that if a portion of a Psalm has been identified as Messianic then the entire Psalm is about Him, otherwise the isolated verses are merely general promises based on the covenant.
The reason why other verses are ignored is because people tend to see the prophecies as relating only to the events of His crucifixion.
But the prophecies about the "Day of the Lord" span the events from His coming to Jerusalem to His Second Coming and even to His Third Coming and the final judgment.
The Early Years
There is not much information about His early years other than His birth and His adventures in the temple when He was twelve.
Since He could not become a priest until He was thirty, this period of His life was not recorded.
The Suffering Messiah
Many prophecies depict the suffering of Christ in symbols.
But the best direct prophecies of His physical and emotional suffering are contained in Isaiah 53 and Psalms 22 and 69.
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Psalm 89: The Punishment of the Messiah
Violating the Covenant.
If his sons forsake My law and do not walk in My judgments,
if they violate my statutes and do not keep My commandments,
then I will punish their transgression with the rod and their iniquity with stripes.
But I will not break off My lovingkindness from him, nor deal falsely in My faithfulness.
My covenant I will not violate, nor will I alter the utterance of My lips.
Once I have sworn by My holiness, I will not lie to David.
His descendants will endure forever and his throne as the sun before Me.
It shall be established forever like the Moon, and the witness in the sky is beautiful.
(Psalm 89: 30-37)
The Punishment. But You have cast off and rejected, You have been full of wrath against Your anointed. You have spurned the covenant of your servant. You have profaned His crown in the dust. You have broken down all His walls. You have brought His strongholds to ruin. All who pass along the way plunder him. He has become a reproach to his neighbors. You have exalted the right hand of his adversaries. You have made all his enemies rejoice. You also turn back the edge of his sword and have not made him stand in battle. You have made his splendor to cease and cast his throne to the ground. You have shortened the days of his youth. You have covered him with shame. (Psalm 89: 38-45)
The Conquering Messiah
Psalm 18 is Messianic. It begins with His death, resurrection and ends with His military victory over His enemies.
The Day of the Lord | ||||
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The Day of the Lord
The day of the Lord begins with the crucifixion and ends with the Second Coming.
While David vividly portrays the end of days for the Messiah, Asaph seems to concentrate on the events around the end of days for the wicked.
At that time the sanctuary will be destroyed and the wicked will persecute the righteous, but God will fight for them.
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Repetition and Enlargement
The prophecies of David are about the events at the beginning of the "Day of the Lord" when God saves the righteous by pouring out on Christ the wrath that we deserve in the end of days.
The Day of the Lord for Jesus Christ | ||||||||
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Psalm | Suffering | Trust | Praise | Reward | Death | Resurrection | Conquering | Enemies |
2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ☆ 6-8 | 1-5, 9-12 |
8 | - | - | 1-4,9, ☆2 | - | - | - | ☆ 4-8 | - |
16 | - | 1-3 | 7-11 | 5- | ☆ 10 | 10-11 | - | 4 |
18 | 18 | 1-3, 30-31 | 46-49, ☆50 | 19-27 | 4-6 | Earthquake: 7-14 Resurrected 15-18 | 28-29, ☆31, 32-36, 43-45 | 37-42 |
21 | - | ☆ 1-3 | - | - | - | ☆ 4 | 8 | 9-13 |
22 | 1-2, 6-8, 11-18 | 3-5, 9-10, 19-21 | 22-27 | - | 15 | - | 28-31 | - |
23 | - | 1-4 | - | 6-9 | - | - | - | ☆5 |
24 | - | - | 1-2 | 3-6 | - | - | 5-10 | - |
27 | 1-14 | 1,5 | 6 | - | - | - | - | 2-3, 12 |
30 | 7 | - | 4-6,12 | 10-11 | - | 1-3,9 | - | 1 |
31 | 1-13 | 14-16 | 19-24 | - | 22 | - | - | 17-18 |
35 | 7, 11-12, 15-17, 19-22 | - | 18, 28 | 27 | 25 | - | 9-10, 23-24 | 1-6, 8, 25-26 |
38 | 1-14, 16-20 | 15, 21-22 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
39 | 1-6,8-13 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
40 | 12-17 | 4 - | 3-5,9-11 | ☆6-8 | - | 1 | - | - |
41 | 5-9 | 1-4 | 13 | 10-12 | 8 | 10 | - | ☆9 |
42 | 1-11 | 5, 11 | 11 | - | - | - | - | ☆10 |
45 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1-17 | - |
55 | 1-8 | 23 | - | - | 4 | - | 9-11, 16-23 | ☆12-15 |
69 | 1-4, 7-21, 26, 29 | 5-6, 13 | 16, 30-34 | 35-36 | 14-15 | - | - | 22-25,27-28 |
71 | 1-13 | 8,14-19 | 22-24 | - | - | 20-21 | - | - |
72 | - | - | 16-20 | 12-16 | - | - | 1-11 | - |
102 | 1-11, ☆9 | - | 12-28 | 19-22 | 11, 19-20, 23-24 | - | - | 26 |
110 | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | 1-5, ☆4 | 5-6 |
116 | - | - | 17-19 | - | 1-7,15 | 8-11,16 | 12-14 | - |
118 | 10-13 | 5-9 | 1-4 | - | 17-18 | 18 | 19-29 | - |
☆ Although people traditionally identify isolated texts as Messianic, we usually identify the entire Psalm as Messianic. We claim that the text is not disconnected from the rest of the Psalm |
The prophecies of Asaph are about the events at the end of the "Day of the Lord" when God destroys the wicked.
The Day of the Lord for The World | ||||||||||
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Psalm | Righteous Suffer | Wicked Prosper | Sanctuary Destroyed | Wrath of God | Righteous Saved | |||||
Suffer | Judged | Wicked | Lawless | Sanctuary | Corrupted | Kings | Wicked | |||
50 | - | 1-2, 4-14 | - | 16-20 | - | - | - | 3, 21-22 | 15,23 | |
73 | 1-2, 13-16, 21-23 | - | 3-12 | - | - | - | - | 17-20,27 | 24-26, 28 | |
74 | 1-2, 10-12, 19 | - | 22-23 | 18-23 | 3-8 | 4, 9 | 13-15 | - | - | |
75 | - | 1-2,7 | - | - | - | - | - | 3-6, 8,10 | 9-10 | |
79 | 1-11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 12 | 13 | |
80 | 4-6 | 12,16 | 6,12-13 | - | - | - | - | 1-3, 17-19 | ||
89 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 38-48 | 1-37, 49-52 |
Psalms By Topic | Psalms By Author | By Book | |||
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» David. 8, 16, 18, 22-27, 30,31, 35, 38-41, 55, 68-69, 109-110
» Asaph. 50, 73-75, 80 » Korah. 42, 45, 88 » Others. 2, 43, 71, 72, 89, 97, 102, 116, 118, 119 | David | 3-41, 51-59, 61-66, 68-70, 101, 108-110, 122, 124, 131, 133, 138, 145 | 1 | 1-41 |
Exodus | 77, 78, 81, 95, 105-107, 114 | Asaph | 50, 73-83 | 2 | 42-72 |
Judgment | 50, 58, 73-83, 94 | Ethan | 89 | 3 | 73-89 |
Vindication | 7, 21, 54, 72, 109 | Moses | 90 | 4 | 90-106 |
Forgiveness | 6, 32, 38, 51, 102, 130, 143 | Solomon | 72, 127 | 5 | 107-150 |
Righteous | 1, 15, 84, 87, 92, 101, 133, 139 | Heman | 88 | ||
The Wicked | 10, 12, 14, 36, 49, 52, 53, 58 | Korah | 42, 44-49, 84,85, 87,88 | ||
Security | 2, 7, 11, 20, 23, 57, 90 | Unknown | 1, 2, 10, 33, 43, 67, 71, 91-100, 102, 104-107, 111-121, 123, 125-126, 128-130, 132, 134-137, 146-150 | ||
Distress | 4, 13, 38, 43, 55, 64, 77, 88, 137, 142 | ||||
Hallelujah | 106, 111, 112, 135, 146-150 | ||||
Thanksgiving | 30, 65, 75, 95, 97, 103, 105, 107, 118, 136, 138 | ||||
Praise | 9, 34, 63, 67, 92, 96, 98, 100, 108, 134, 144, 145. The Great Hallel (113-118) | ||||
Majesty | 8, 19, 29, 33, 36, 47, 48, 66, 90, 93, 99, 104, 132 | ||||
Trust, Hope | 3, 37, 46, 55, 56, 62, 86, 115, 131 | ||||
Deliverance | 5, 17, 18, 20, 28, 34, 35, 59, 60, 70, 71, 85, 86, 140, 141 |
Study to show yourself approved to God as a workman who does not need to be ashamed, accurately handling the word of truth. 2 Timothy 2: 15 | Time: 60 minutes Print: 13 pages |
Copyright
First Created : February, 2008. Updated: January 2010
Credits: Author: Laverna Patterson. Editor: Patterson (February 2008) |